Loading tools
Opening the laboratory, please wait…
Opening the laboratory, please wait…
Forensic Ballistics · Tools
Estimate gravitational drop and time of flight over a given range for a flat-fire shot.
t = d / v, drop = ½gt²
Flat-fire, drag ignored
Gravitational drop
9.46cm
t = d / v = 0.1389 s, drop = 1/2 g t^2 = 9.46 cm
Drop grows with the square of time, so doubling the range roughly quadruples it. Over the distances typical of an indoor scene the drop is usually smaller than the perforation itself.
Drag is ignored, so real drop at any distance beyond a few tens of metres is greater than shown, because the bullet slows and spends longer in flight. This is a teaching approximation, not a substitute for a ballistic solver with a measured drag coefficient.
A bullet begins falling the instant it leaves the muzzle, and the drop depends only on how long it is in flight. Over indoor distances the drop is usually smaller than the perforation itself, which is why straight-line trajectory reconstruction works at those ranges.
Because drop grows with the square of time, doubling the range roughly quadruples it. That is where a straight-line reconstruction starts to break down.